VAT Calculator — Add or Remove VAT
Add VAT to a price or work backwards from a VAT-inclusive total. Set any rate — 21%, 20%, 19%, 7% or your own — and see the net price, the VAT and the gross at the same time.
VAT Calculator
Add or remove VAT from any price
How it works
- Adding VAT: gross = net × (1 + rate ÷ 100).
- Removing VAT: net = gross ÷ (1 + rate ÷ 100). Never subtract the percentage from the gross price — that gives the wrong answer.
- The VAT amount is simply gross minus net.
- Invoices normally show all three figures: net, VAT and gross.
Worked example: removing 21% VAT from €121
- 1The €121 you paid already contains the VAT, so it represents 121% of the net price.
- 2Divide by 1.21 (that is 1 + 21 ÷ 100): 121 ÷ 1.21 = 100.
- 3VAT is the difference: 121 − 100 = 21.
Net €100 · VAT €21 · Gross €121
Standard VAT rates in Europe
| Country | Standard rate | Divide gross by | Multiply net by |
|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | 21% | 1.21 | 1.21 |
| Belgium | 21% | 1.21 | 1.21 |
| Spain | 21% | 1.21 | 1.21 |
| United Kingdom | 20% | 1.20 | 1.20 |
| France | 20% | 1.20 | 1.20 |
| Italy | 22% | 1.22 | 1.22 |
| Germany | 19% | 1.19 | 1.19 |
| Ireland | 23% | 1.23 | 1.23 |
Reduced rates (food, books, transport, energy) are lower — enter the rate that applies to your goods.
Frequently asked questions
How do I remove 21% VAT from a price?
Divide the gross price by 1.21. A €121 gross price is €100 net with €21 of VAT. Subtracting 21% from €121 would give €95.59, which is wrong.
Which VAT rate should I use?
Use the rate of the country where the sale takes place — for example 21% in the Netherlands, Belgium and Spain, 20% in the UK and France, 19% in Germany. Reduced rates apply to some goods and services.
How do I add 20% VAT to a net price?
Multiply the net price by 1.20. A £250 net price becomes £300 gross, with £50 of VAT.
What is the VAT fraction?
It is the share of a gross price that is VAT. At 20% it is 1/6 of the gross, and at 21% it is 21/121 — so €121 contains €21 of VAT.
Do I charge VAT if I am not registered?
No. Only VAT-registered businesses charge and reclaim VAT. Registration thresholds differ per country, so check your national tax authority.
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